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# Operators in C | Part1

Published on 07 Mar 2020

Operators are symbols used in an expression to manipulate operands. Whereas, operands are data items contained in an expression.

Operators can be either

• Unary — requires only one operand
• Binary — requires two operands

Types of operators

• Arithmetic Operators
• Relational Operators
• Logical Operators
• Increment/Decrement Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Conditional Operator
• Assignment operators
• Comma operator

### 1) Arithmetic Operators:

These operators are used to perform arithmetic/mathematical operations on operands. The operators falling into this category are:

• Subtraction: The ‘-' operator subtracts two operands.

• Multiplication: The ‘*’ operator multiplies two operands.

• Division: The ‘/’ operator divides the first operand by the second.

• Modulus: The ‘%’ operator returns the remainder when the first operand is divided by the second.

• Increment: The ‘++’ operator is used to increment the value of an integer. When the operator is placed before the variable name (also called pre-increment operator i.e ++x), its value is incremented instantly. And when the operator is placed after the variable name (also called post-increment operator i.e x++), its value is preserved temporarily until the execution of this statement and it gets updated before the execution of the next statement.

• Decrement: The ‘–‘ operator is used to decrement the value of an integer. When placed before the variable name (also called pre-decrement operator i.e --x), its value is decremented instantly. And when the operator is placed after the variable name (also called post-decrement operator i.e x--), its value is preserved temporarily until the execution of this statement and it gets updated before the execution of the next statement.

Example

int main()
{
int a = 10, b = 4, res;
res = a++;
printf("a is %d and res is %d\n", a, res);
res = a--;
printf("a is %d and res is %d\n", a, res);
res = ++a;
printf("a is %d and res is %d\n", a, res);
res = --a;
printf("a is %d and res is %d\n",a,res);
return 0;
}


Output:

a is 11 and res is 10
a is 10 and res is 11
a is 11 and res is 11
a is 10 and res is 10


### 2) Relational Operators:

These operators are used for comparisons of two values.

• ‘==’ operator checks whether the two given operands are equal or not. If so, it returns true. Else, it returns false.
• ‘!=’ operator checks whether the two given operands are equal or not. If not, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.
• ‘>’ operator checks whether the first operand is greater than the second operand. If so, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.
• ‘<‘ operator checks whether the first operand is lesser than the second operand. If so, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.
• ‘>=’ operator checks whether the first operand is greater than or equal to the second operand. If so, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.
• ‘<=’ operator checks whether the first operand is lesser than or equal to the second operand. If so, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.

### 3) Logical Operators:

Logical operators are used to manipulate and create logical statements.

• Logical AND: The ‘&&’ operator returns true when both the conditions under consideration are satisfied. Else, it returns false.
• Logical OR: The ‘||’ operator returns true when one (or both) of the conditions under consideration is satisfied. Else, it returns false.
• Logical NOT: The ‘!’ operator returns true the condition in consideration is not satisfied. Otherwise, it returns false.

﻿Example:

int main()
{
int a=10, b=4, c = 10, d = 20;
if (a>b && c==d)
{
printf("a is greater than b AND c is equal to d\n");
}
else
{
printf("AND condition not satisfied\n");
}

if (a>b || c==d)
{
printf("a is greater than b OR c is equal to d\n");
}
else
{
printf("Neither a is greater than b nor c is equal "" to d\n");
}

if (!a)
{
printf("a is zero\n");
}
else
{
printf("a is not zero");
}
return 0;
}